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Given India’s continued dependence on coal to supply 24x7 power for industrial and residential consumers at affordable prices, the country needs a unified Coal Mines Environment Authority staffed with multi-disciplinary expertise to assess and minimize the adverse environmental impacts of coal mines with an integrated approach to ensure more efficient, effective and transparent environmental governance.

The levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) and environmental advantages of coal-CSP hybrid systems are presented by simulating the hybrid system in two modes at three locations in India with contrasting DNI profiles. The cost of additional energy generated due to SAFWH in booster mode is up to 51.4% less as compared to a stand-alone CSP. In the fuel saver mode, up to 40 thousand tons of coal can be annually saved with SAFWH, thus reducing CO2 emissions by 1.7% as compared to a stand-alone coal-fired plant.

Coal mines must incorporate social and ecological sensitivities from the planning stage up to mine closure to meet India’s Sustainable Development Goals. The Normalized Vegetation Difference Index (NDVI) is useful to assess the environmental impacts of mining operations on the air quality and vegetation around coal mines and monitor the progress of post-closure activities.

We hereby present the variability of fine particles (PM1 ≤ 1 micron) that has not yet been investigated under the influence of COVID-19-induced lockdown in three major cities of different climatic zones in India. We unfold the baseline level of PM1, a level to which the population is chronically exposed and extremely critical for epidemiologists for fixing health markers. This has been achieved using the saturation point methodology under fair weather conditions. The baseline level of PM1 for Delhi and Mumbai is found to be 13 µg m− 3 and 9 µg m− 3, respectively.

 This book not only covers the "tools of the trade" (mentoring how-to), it also examines mentoring's ancient origins since Homer's Odyssey, and peers into its future in virtual and outer space. Mentors are not born; they are mentees first and they evolve through trials and tribulations to success, to pass on their accumulated knowledge so the next generation can carry the torch yet farther. Such has been the experience of every known brilliant scientist in history.